cricket, there are 11 recognized types of dismissals by which a batsman can be declared out. These are as follows:
1. Bowled:
The ball hits the stumps and dislodges the bails after the batsman misses the shot.
2. Caught:
A fielder, wicketkeeper, or bowler catches the ball on the full (before it touches the ground) after the batsman hits it with their bat or glove.
3. Leg Before Wicket (LBW):
The batsman is out if the ball strikes any part of their body (other than the bat or glove) in line with the stumps, and the umpire believes it would have hit the stumps.
4. Run Out:
A batsman is out if they fail to make their ground before the fielding side breaks the stumps while attempting a run.
5. Stumped:
If the wicketkeeper breaks the stumps while the batsman is outside their crease and not attempting a run, they are stumped.
6. Hit Wicket:
The batsman accidentally dislodges the bails with their bat, body, or clothing while playing a shot or taking off for a run.
7. Handled the Ball:
If a batsman intentionally handles the ball with their hand that is not touching the bat, they can be given out. (This method is now considered under Obstructing the Field in modern cricket.)
8. Obstructing the Field:
A batsman is out if they deliberately obstruct a fielder's attempt to field the ball or effect a run-out.
9. Hit the Ball Twice:
If a batsman intentionally hits the ball twice, other than to defend the stumps, they are out.
10. Timed Out:
If a new batsman takes more than 3 minutes to appear at the crease after the previous batsman is dismissed, they can be declared out.
11. Retired Out:
If a batsman retires from their innings for any reason other than injury or illness and does not resume, they can be marked as retired out.
These various methods add complexity and excitement to the game, testing the skills and awareness of both batsmen and fielders.